منابع مشابه
Membrane repair and immunological danger.
Antigens are able to elicit productive immune responses only when second signals are provided by adjuvant molecules. It is well established that exogenously acquired, pathogen-associated molecular patterns fulfil this adjuvant role when recognized by specific receptors on antigen-presenting cells. Recent evidence points to the existence of another class of adjuvant, which is apparently released...
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The March 22 issue of Science carried three articles [1–3] that claim to challenge a key principle of immunology, called self–non-self discrimination, by examining neonatal tolerance. These papers demonstrate that newborn mice can make immune responses if the antigen is appropriately presented. Is this a refutation of self–non-self discrimination as the authors believe? And does it prove the ‘d...
متن کاملDetecting Danger: Applying a Novel Immunological Concept to Intrusion Detection Systems
In recent years computer systems have become increasingly complex and consequently the challenge of protecting these systems has become increasingly difficult. Various techniques have been implemented to counteract the misuse of computer systems in the form of firewalls, antivirus software and intrusion detection systems. The complexity of networks and dynamic nature of computer systems leaves ...
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میزان مرگ و میر آسم طی دهه گذشته بطور چشمگیری تغییر کرده است. با مبتلا کردن ۱۵ میلیون آمریکایی میزان مرگ و میر در سال ۱۹۷۸، به رقم ۱۸۷۲ نفر و ۹ سال بعد، به بیش از ۴۰۰۰ نفر رسید. علت چنین افزایش چشمگیری روشن نیست. علل احتمالی عبارتند از کاهش ظرفیت تنفس، استفاده بیش از حد از داروهای استثنائی و استنباط غلط بیماران و نیز مراکز درمانی نسبت به شدت بیماری است. بررسی دقیق، معالجات مناسب و آموزش به ب...
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CRISPR-Cas loci encode for an adaptive immune system in prokaryotes that provides defense against viruses (1) and plasmids (2) that infect these organisms. CRISPR loci contain a series of repetitive sequences intercalated with short sequences derived from invading viruses and plasmids (3–5). These short sequences, called spacers, are acquired from the invader upon infection during an “immunizat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1967
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/215447c0